What is the function of relays in automation systems?

Relays play a crucial role in automation systems by allowing one circuit to control another. This is achieved through an electromechanical switch that opens or closes contacts in response to an input signal, often from a control circuit. When the control circuit sends an electrical signal, the relay activates, resulting in the switching of the larger circuit, which might operate motors, solenoids, or other high-power devices. This capability makes relays essential for safety, control, and automation, as they enable low-power control circuits to manage higher power loads without direct electrical connections.

In contrast, while backup power sources provide power during outages, they do not control circuits directly. Amplifying electrical signals is typically done by other components, such as operational amplifiers, rather than relays. Tracking system performance data involves monitoring and logging operations, which is distinct from the primary function of relays in circuit control.