What distinguishes centralized control from decentralized control in automation systems?

Centralized control is characterized by a single source for decision-making, which means that all control and management functions are conducted from one central point. This allows for consistency in the application of policies and procedures across the system, as decisions are made based on a unified set of criteria and guidelines. Such an approach can streamline operations, reduce duplication of effort, and facilitate quick adjustments since changes are implemented from a central authority without requiring consensus from multiple locations or units.

This structure contrasts with decentralized control, where decisions are distributed among various units or nodes in the system. While decentralized control can provide flexibility and responsiveness to local needs, it does not benefit from the efficiency and cohesion that central decision-making can offer. Centralized control's reliance on a single decision-making entity therefore simplifies coordination and oversight, making it a distinctive feature of this approach in automated systems.